IpPC is a contract to prevent the introduction and spread of pests to plants and plant products and currently has 177 government recipients. IPPC has developed plant health guidelines and serves as a reporting centre and source of information. Seven regional plant protection organizations have been established under the aegis of ipPC. For example, the North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO) consists of the United States, Canada and Mexico, which participate through APHIS, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and the Plant Health Directorate. The European and Mediterranean Organization for the Protection of Plants (EPPO) is an intergovernmental organisation that is also responsible, within the framework of the IPPC, for plant health cooperation between 50 countries in the European and Mediterranean region. An agreement between two or more persons, groups or countries in which they agree to cooperate in order to reach a bilateral agreement or bilateral activity is an agreement comprising two groups or two countries to formally agree on a close relationship with another country or organization, formally the occasion for a country`s formal membership in a group of countries or the acceptance of an additional agreement. , there are other less formal international agreements. These include efforts such as the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) and the G7 Global Partnership Against the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. Although the PSI has a “declaration of prohibition principles” and the G7 Global Partnership includes several statements by G7 heads of state and government, it also does not have a legally binding document that sets specific obligations and is signed or ratified by member states. Under international law, a treaty is a legally binding agreement between states (countries).
A treaty can be called a convention, protocol, pact, agreement, etc. It is the content of the agreement, not its name, that makes it a treaty. Thus, the Geneva Protocol and the Biological Weapons Convention are the two treaties, although neither treaty in its name. Under U.S. law, a treaty is a legally binding agreement between countries that requires ratification and “consultation and approval” of the Senate. All other agreements (internationally treated) are called executive agreements, but are nevertheless legally binding on the United States under international law. Alliance, in international relations, a formal agreement between two or more states on mutual assistance in the event of war. Contemporary alliances provide for joint action by two or more independent states and are generally defensive and force allies to regroup when one or more of them are attacked by another state or coalition. Although alliances may be informal, they are generally formalized by an alliance treaty whose most critical clauses are those that define casus foederis or the circumstances under which the treaty obliges one ally to help another.
Komentáře