Like Syngman Rhee, North Korean leader Kim Il-sung sought to unite completely. The North Korean side only slowly supported the ceasefire talks, and it was not until June 27, 1951 – seventeen days after the start of ceasefire talks – that it changed its slogan “push the enemy to the sea” to “push the enemy to the 38th parallel.” [13] North Korea has been under pressure from its allies, the People`s Republic of China and the Soviet Union, to support the ceasefire talks, whose support has been crucial to allow North Korea to continue the fighting. In 1952, the United States elected a new president, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and on November 29, 1952, the president-elect went to Korea to study what might end the Korean War. [26] With the adoption by the United Nations of the Korean War State proposed by India, the KPA, the VPA and UNC stopped the fire with the battle line on the Kansas line, for example. , a line of UN positions north of the 38th parallel, which had been established in Operation Rugged. [28] When the belligerents agreed to the ceasefire, they established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by KPA, ROKA, the United States and the common UNC forces. Discussions continued slowly due to difficulties in demarcating the border between North and South Korea. China and North Korea expected the line to remain on the 38th parallel. Within weeks, however, the two nations accepted the Kansas Line. [14] In March 1953, the death of Joseph Stalin contributed to the negotiation. While the Chinese head of state, Mao Zedong, was unwilling to compromise, two weeks after Stalin`s death, the new Soviet leaders made a statement calling for a swift end to hostilities.
[29] Mao`s letter to Gao Gang and Kim Il Sung, sent to Stalin, on a strategy of rapprochement and ceasefire conditions. Topics include Taiwan, China`s accession to the UN and the creation of a neutral zone. The ceasefire also established rules for prisoners of war. The agreement states that the signed ceasefire established a “complete cessation of all hostilities in Korea by all armed men”[2] which commanders of both sides should implement. However, the ceasefire is merely a ceasefire between the armed forces and not an agreement between governments to normalize relations. [32] No formal peace treaty has been signed and normalized relations have not been restored. The ceasefire founded the Military Dearcation Line (MDL) and the DMZ. The DMZ was agreed as a 4.0 km wide buffer zone between the two Korean nations. [33] The DMZ follows the Kansas Line, where the two sides clashed at the time of the signing of the ceasefire.
Komentáře